What is the primary function of the gluteus maximus?

The primary function of the gluteus maximus is to extend the hip. This muscle is the largest and most superficial of the gluteal muscles, playing a crucial role in various movements that involve the hip joint, particularly those that require driving the thigh backward, such as running, jumping, and climbing stairs. The gluteus maximus is particularly important when performing actions that require powerful hip extension, which is essential for activities involving acceleration and maintaining an upright posture.

While the gluteus maximus does contribute to external rotation and abduction of the hip, its primary role centers around hip extension. Understanding this function is vital for designing effective training programs that target glute strength and development, as well as for rehabilitating injuries related to hip biomechanics.